A Response to Ken Ham’s “He Is Waiting for Me to Die”

 

Introduction

Answers in Genesis recently resurfaced Ken Ham’s April blog post titled “He Is Waiting for Me to Die.” (1) The post responds to P.Z. Myers’ crude and inappropriate blog title, and Myers’ rhetoric should be rejected outright. Christians should never wish death on those we disagree with, nor should we mirror the hostility of those outside the faith. Yet Ham’s response raises concerns that go far deeper than the original provocation. His rhetoric—framing criticism as spiritual warfare, dividing the church into faithful and compromised camps, and blending dramatic ministry claims with fundraising appeals—reveals a pattern that has become increasingly troubling over the decades. When examined carefully, the post reflects dynamics Scripture warns us to avoid, not to emulate.

Spiritual Warfare as a Response to Criticism

Ham begins his post by quoting Ecclesiastes 3:1–2: “For everything there is a season, and a time for every matter under heaven: a time to be born, and a time to die.” He then moves quickly to Hebrews 9:27: “And inasmuch as it is appointed for men to die once and after this comes judgment.” These passages are true and weighty, but the way they are deployed here is revealing. Rather than addressing Myers’ rhetoric directly, Ham reframes the entire situation as evidence of a cosmic spiritual war. Myers becomes not simply an atheist critic but a “pagan university professor” who “blasphemes and mocks God and Christians,” and whose comments serve as proof that AiG is “kicking [the devil] in the shins.”

This framing collapses personal criticism into spiritual attack. It encourages readers to interpret disagreement not as part of normal public discourse but as demonic resistance to AiG’s mission. The effect is to elevate Ham’s personal role to that of a frontline commander in a supernatural conflict, where opposition itself becomes evidence of divine blessing. This is not a pastoral response. It is movement rhetoric.

An Unhealthy Us‑Versus‑Them Mentality

The most concerning aspect of Ham’s rhetoric is the way it fosters division within the church. Throughout the post, Ham laments “compromising Bible colleges,” “lukewarm churches,” and Christians who emerge from these institutions “no different” from atheists. This is not the language of unity or mutual correction. It is the language of sectarianism—drawing sharp lines between “true believers” who align with AiG’s interpretation of Genesis and “compromisers” who do not.

Paul warns against this very spirit in Galatians 5:20, listing “strife, jealousy, angry outbursts, selfish ambitions, dissensions, factions” among the works of the flesh. The New Testament consistently calls the church to unity grounded in Christ, not unity grounded in a particular interpretation of Genesis 1-11. When Ham portrays fellow Christians as spiritual dangers simply because they disagree with his young‑earth framework, he is not defending the faith. He is dividing the body.

This posture has become a defining feature of AiG’s public ministry. It encourages believers to view disagreement as rebellion, criticism as blasphemy, and alternative Christian perspectives as threats.(2, 3) Such rhetoric does not strengthen the church. It fractures it.

Inflated Ministry Numbers Without Transparency

Ham’s post also includes a striking claim: “As we see the enormous number of people saved through this ministry, including over 100,000 a year at the attractions alone…” Yet AiG has never provided transparent data to substantiate these numbers. There is no published methodology, no denominational oversight, no independent verification, and no clarity about what constitutes a “conversion.” Without transparency, these claims function rhetorically rather than factually.

This is especially concerning given the demographic reality of AiG’s attractions. The Ark Encounter and Creation Museum overwhelmingly draw conservative Christian families, church groups, and homeschool communities—people who already identify as believers, and often as young‑earth creationists. (4, 5, 6) The idea that these attractions generate over 100,000 new conversions annually is implausible on its face. Without clear data, the number appears less like a report and more like a tool for reinforcing the narrative of spiritual warfare and ministry urgency.

AiG’s own internal reporting confirms this demographic reality. In its December 31, 2025 article “What Has Research Revealed About Our Ark Encounter and Creation Museum Guests?”, AiG states that its “100,000” figure is based entirely on exit surveys. (7)

Those same surveys show that roughly 70% of visitors already identify as Christians, meaning the remaining 30% who “made a profession of faith” are almost certainly not new converts but Christians reaffirming commitments they already hold. (8)

In other words, AiG’s own data indicates that the “100,000” number reflects self‑reported emotional or devotional responses from an overwhelmingly Christian audience—not evangelistic fruit among unbelievers. 

Scripture warns against this kind of exaggeration. Proverbs 12:22 states, “Lying lips are detestable to the Lord, but faithful people are his delight.” Even if Ham believes the numbers he cites, the absence of transparency creates the appearance of manipulation—an appearance Christians are called to avoid.

The Fundraising Pivot and the Appearance of Grift

After several paragraphs of spiritual conflict, demonic opposition, and triumphant ministry statistics, Ham transitions directly into a major fundraising appeal—something we also see in AiG’s own demographic and “research” posts. He announces a matching gift campaign of up to one million dollars and urges readers to “prayerfully consider a generous gift.” The emotional arc is familiar: persecution, spiritual danger, heroic ministry impact, and finally, financial support.

This pattern becomes even more troubling when viewed against AiG’s own attendance data. The previously cited sources show that the Ark Encounter is not growing in popularity but posting fewer visitors each year, even as ticket prices remain astronomical. (9, 10) Yet Ham continues approving multi‑million‑dollar expansion projects for both attractions—projects that also incur significant new staffing and maintenance costs for the organization—while using the same spiritual‑warfare framing to justify each new campaign. 

Even if Ham is sincere—and I do not doubt his sincerity—the structure of the messaging resembles the very pattern Scripture warns us to avoid. Paul cautions Timothy about those who “imagine that godliness is a way to material gain” (1 Timothy 6:5), and he immediately adds, “But godliness with contentment is great gain.” The issue is not wealth itself but the appearance of using the gospel as a means of financial advancement. Paul insists that ministers must avoid even the appearance of exploiting the faith for personal or institutional gain.

This is where AiG’s pattern over the last fifty years becomes difficult to ignore. The ministry is built around Ham’s personal authority, his interpretation of Genesis, and his public persona. (11) The attractions, the messaging, the fundraising, and the rhetoric all center on him, his organization, and his teachings. (12, 13) When criticism arises, it is framed as a spiritual attack. When opposition appears, it is treated as proof of divine blessing. When numbers are cited, they are large, unverifiable, and used to justify further financial appeals. Even if Ham believes every word he says, the pattern creates the appearance of a leader who uses spiritual warfare language to mobilize donors and maintain institutional loyalty.

Scripture warns us to avoid not only sin itself but the appearance of it (1 Thessalonians 5:22). The appearance here is not good.

Conclusion

Myers’ rhetoric was inappropriate, and Christians should reject it. But Ham’s response reveals deeper issues that cannot be dismissed as mere reaction. The church is called to unity, humility, and truth—not to an embattled posture that treats fellow believers as enemies, inflates ministry numbers without transparency, and blends spiritual urgency with financial appeals. We must be discerning. We must test all things. And we must remember Paul’s warning: “For the love of money is a root of all kinds of evil, and by craving it, some have wandered away from the faith and pierced themselves with many griefs” (1 Timothy 6:10).

Whatever Ham’s intentions, the pattern emerging from AiG’s messaging does not reflect the health, transparency, or humility Scripture calls us to pursue. It is time to look beneath the surface and ask hard questions about the direction of this ministry and the rhetoric that sustains it.

Swallowed by a Whale or the Grave?

 

Introduction

What if the great fish in Jonah is more than a sea creature—what if it’s a symbol? A poetic vessel for descent, transformation, and return? Ancient Near Eastern literature often used vivid imagery to explore spiritual truths, and the “belly of the fish” may echo this tradition: a metaphorical Sheol, where Jonah confronts death, isolation, and receives divine mercy. Rather than dismissing the historical reading, this perspective invites us to consider how the narrative’s symbolic layers speak to Israel’s spiritual condition—its resistance to grace, its fear of the outsider, and its need for renewal. In this light, the fish becomes not just a plot device, but a theological mirror.

Jonah as Parable: A Literary and Theological Case

Modern Old Testament scholars such as John Walton and Michael Heiser have emphasized the importance of reading biblical texts within their ancient literary and cultural contexts. Walton, in particular, argues that the genre of a text is crucial to understanding its message. In his NIV Application Commentary: Jonah, Walton suggests that Jonah bears the hallmarks of a parable: exaggerated characters, ironic reversals, and a didactic purpose aimed at critiquing Israel’s ethnocentrism. (1)

Michael Heiser, in his Naked Bible Podcast (Episode 347: “Jonah and the Chaos Dragon”), similarly notes that the Hebrew phrase dag gadol (“great fish”) may evoke mythic imagery rather than zoological specificity. (2) Heiser points out that early Christian art often depicted the fish as a sea dragon, linking it to Leviathan—the chaos monster of the deep (as shown in the above mosaic). This connection suggests that Jonah’s descent is not merely physical but cosmological: a journey into the realm of death and chaos.

The Whale as Sheol: A Descent into Death

In Jonah 2:2, the prophet prays, “I called to the Lord in my distress, and he answered me. I cried out for help from deep inside Sheol; you heard my voice.” This verse is pivotal. Jonah equates the belly of the fish with Sheol, the Hebrew underworld. The imagery is not incidental—it is central to the narrative’s theological thrust.

The poetic structure of Jonah 2 mirrors ancient laments of descent and deliverance, such as Psalm 18:4–5 and Psalm 88. Jonah’s prayer is not a survival tale—it is a resurrection motif. As Heiser notes, the “great fish” functions as a symbolic tomb, a womb of transformation from which Jonah emerges reborn and spiritually aligned with the God’s calling for the first time in the entire narrative.

Narrative Irony and Theological Purpose

The Book of Jonah is saturated with irony: a prophet who flees God, pagan sailors who fear Him, and a foreign city that repents more readily than Israel. These elements, Walton argues, are not historical reportage but narrative devices designed to provoke self-examination. The parabolic nature of the story allows it to transcend time and culture, confronting every generation with the scandal of divine mercy.

Moreover, the use of Sheol language reinforces the theme of death and rebirth—not just for Jonah, but for Israel itself. The nation, like Jonah, must descend into the grave of its pride and emerge with a renewed vision of God’s universal compassion.

Jesus and Jonah: Parable, Prophecy, or Both?

One of the most common objections to reading Jonah as a parable is Jesus’ reference to the prophet in Matthew 12:39–41 and Luke 11:29–30, where He says, “For as Jonah was in the belly of the huge fish three days and three nights, so the Son of Man will be in the heart of the earth three days and three nights.” At first glance, this seems to affirm the historicity of Jonah’s ordeal. But a closer look reveals that Jesus’ use of Jonah functions typologically—not historically.

Biblical scholar John Walton emphasizes that typology does not require historicity to be theologically valid. In his view, Jesus’ reference to Jonah is not a historical endorsement but a rhetorical device—drawing on a well-known narrative to foreshadow His own death and resurrection. Just as Jesus used parables to convey truth without requiring literal referents, so too could He invoke Jonah as a symbolic “sign” without affirming the event as historical fact.

Michael Heiser echoes this in his Naked Bible Podcast, noting that Jesus often employed symbolic language to communicate deeper truths. Heiser argues that the “sign of Jonah” is not about validating a fish story but about pointing to the pattern of descent and deliverance—a descent into Sheol (as Jonah describes in Jonah 2:2) and a miraculous return to life. In this way, Jonah becomes a literary archetype of resurrection, not a precedent for biological survival inside a sea creature.

Moreover, Jesus’ audience would have been familiar with the story’s symbolic layers. As noted in Jay Sklar’s commentary, the phrase “three days and three nights” was a common idiom for a significant journey or transformation. (3) Jesus’ use of Jonah, then, is not a historical footnote but a theological mirror—reflecting His own mission through the lens of Israel’s sacred imagination.

In short, Jesus’ reference to Jonah gains power not from historical precision but from theological resonance. Whether Jonah lived in the belly of a fish or in the depths of metaphor, the sign remains: death is not the end, and God’s forgiveness, grace and mercy are not bound by borders.

Conclusion

To read Jonah as a parable and the whale as an allegory for Sheol is not to diminish the text’s power—it is to unlock its theological depth. In this reading, Jonah becomes every person who runs from grace, every nation that hoards mercy, and every soul that must die to self before it can rise to obedience. The “great fish” is not a biological anomaly but a cosmic symbol: the grave that swallows us whole and the God who calls us out through the resurrection power of Christ.

Perhaps the real miracle is not that Jonah survived three days in a fish, but that God’s mercy survives our worst resistance.

The Bible as Literature: Why Genre Matters in Interpretation

Introduction

The debate over biblical interpretation has long been marked by tensions between literalists, skeptics, and scholars advocating a more layered understanding of Scripture. The insistence on absolute literal inerrancy—whether by some modern Christian fundamentalists or by skeptics who dismiss the Bible when it fails to align with contemporary scientific models—imposes anachronistic epistemic standards on an ancient collection of texts. The Bible was composed in a world where narrative, poetry, and parable served as vital means of conveying truth. Recognizing its literary diversity is crucial to understanding its theological, historical, and moral significance.

The Problem of Literal Inerrancy

Early Christian thinkers, including Augustine and Origen, understood Scripture as operating on multiple interpretive levels—literal, moral, allegorical, and anagogical. To demand that every passage conform to contemporary historical and scientific precision is to misinterpret its purpose. For example, viewing Genesis as a scientific treatise rather than an ancient theological reflection leads to either rigid fundamentalism or wholesale rejection, both of which overlook the rich cultural and literary context in which biblical texts were written. (1, 2) 

Parables and Metaphor in Jesus’ Teachings

A central feature of Jesus’ ministry was his deliberate use of parables—stories designed not as literal historical accounts but as vehicles for moral and spiritual insight. The Parable of the Sower (Matthew 13:1–23), for instance, illustrates the varied reception of the Gospel message, while the Parable of the Mustard Seed (Matthew 13:31-32) conveys the organic and often imperceptible growth of God's kingdom. To approach these passages with rigid literalism would obscure their deeper significance. 

The Literary Diversity of Scripture

Biblical literature is richly varied, encompassing genres such as poetry, wisdom literature, prophecy, and historical narrative. The Psalms, for example, offer expressions of human experiences of the divine through emotive and symbolic language rather than journalistic precision. Proverbs, Ecclesiastes, and The Song of Solomon/Song of Songs similarly employ metaphor and philosophical reflection to explore themes of morality, existential inquiry, and love. To demand factual accuracy from these poetic and meditative works is to misunderstand their intent.

Complex Narratives: Job and Jonah

The narrative complexity of books like Job and Jonah further challenges simplistic literalism. Many scholars have argued that Job serves as a poetic drama exploring suffering, divine justice, and existential uncertainty rather than as a strict historical account. Likewise, some scholars have argued that Jonah, with its extraordinary events, functions as a theological allegory rather than a naturalistic chronicle. By treating these texts as rigidly factual, interpreters risk stripping them of their deeper spiritual and moral dimensions.

The Danger of Reductionism

A fixation on absolute literalism risks reducing Scripture to a mere catalog of empirical claims, neglecting its theological, moral, and existential significance. Both modern neo-atheism and Christian fundamentalism frequently overlook the profound role of narrative, tradition, and metaphor in shaping religious understanding, particularly within the broader historical and cultural context of the biblical text. The true power of Scripture lies not in its conformity to contemporary verification standards but in its ability to engage readers in profound dialogues on faith, human experience, and divine mystery.

Conclusion

A thoughtful approach to biblical interpretation requires acknowledging the richness of allegory, metaphor, and theological discourse inherent in Scripture. Recognizing that biblical texts—including the parables of Jesus, the poetic writings of the Psalms, Proverbs, Ecclesiastes, and narrative reflections like Job and Jonah—operate on multiple levels allows for a more informed engagement with the Bible as a dynamic interplay between human understanding and divine revelation. Moving beyond rigid literalism invites a deeper, more meaningful exploration of Scripture that respects both its ancient context and its enduring wisdom.

The Spiritual Cost of Accepting an Old Earth: A Reflection

For years I heard the same warning repeated with absolute certainty: reject Young Earth Creationism and your faith will unravel. The logic was presented as airtight. If Genesis is not read in a strictly literal, scientific way, then Scripture loses its authority. If Scripture loses its authority, theology collapses. And if theology collapses, apostasy is inevitable.

I don’t dismiss those concerns lightly. I’ve seen people walk away from the faith after questioning YECism. I’ve watched others swing from one extreme to another — from rigid literalism to aggressive skepticism — as if the only options available were total certainty or total abandonment. The spiritual fallout is real. But after years of watching this pattern repeat, I’ve become convinced that the danger does not come from accepting an old earth. It comes from the way the issue is framed within certain Christian circles.

A Fragile Faith Built on a Single Interpretation

In many YEC environments, the interpretation of Genesis 1–11 is treated as a doctrinal load‑bearing wall. Not simply a view, but the view — the only faithful, biblical, God‑honoring view. Questioning it is framed as compromise with atheism, capitulation to secularism, or even flirting with demonic deception.

Science is treated with suspicion. Higher education is discouraged. Scholarship is distrusted because “academia is full of evolutionists.” And the result is predictable: believers are taught to build their entire faith on a single, highly specific reading of a handful of prooftexts.

What makes this even more unstable is the contradictory way biblical authority is taught. Many Christians in these circles are told that the Bible alone is the ultimate source of knowledge — the final authority on every matter, including history and science — yet they are also taught to distrust the very scholars who translated the Bible they hold in such high regard. The plain reading of an English text is treated as infallible, but the people who labored to preserve, transmit, and interpret it are dismissed as compromised academics whenever their work complicates a YEC reading. This creates a strange dynamic: Scripture is exalted, but the means by which Scripture came to us is treated with suspicion. And when believers are taught to fear scholarship, they lose the ability to engage honestly with the text itself.

Too often the result is that when such a person’s understanding of Scripture is challenged — by a class, a book, a conversation, or even a simple observation about the natural world — the foundation of their faith cracks. And because the foundation was never Christ, but a particular interpretation or tradition, the entire structure comes down with it.

This is not a failure of Scripture. It is a failure of discipleship.

Two Fear‑Driven Extremes

In these environments, people tend to fall into one of two categories.

1. The Brittle Faith That Breaks

Some believers hold their faith together through fear and isolation. They avoid scientific literature, avoid conversations with Christians who disagree, and avoid any setting where their view might be challenged. Their faith becomes a sealed container — airtight, but fragile.

When the seal finally breaks, the collapse is total. They often leave the church entirely, sometimes becoming hostile toward Christianity itself. They were told that if YECism is wrong, the Bible is wrong. So when they discover that YECism might be wrong, they conclude the Bible must be too.

2. The Defensive Faith That Hardens

Others respond by digging in. They become aggressively vocal, not because they are confident, but because they are afraid. Defending YECism becomes synonymous with defending the gospel. Every debate becomes a battle for the survival of Christianity itself.

I know this category well — I lived in it. The louder I argued, the more I was really trying to reassure myself that my faith was secure.

The Missing Third Category

Rarely do we see the third group: believers who leave YECism without leaving Christ. Believers who discover that the age of the earth is not the hinge on which the gospel turns. Believers who find that Scripture is deeper, richer, and more resilient than they were ever taught.

This group exists — I’m part of it now — but it is small because the environment itself makes it nearly impossible. When the debate is framed as “God’s Word vs. godless compromise,” there is no conceptual space for faithful disagreement.

The Social Cost: Being Pushed Out the Door

There is another spiritual cost that rarely gets acknowledged: the relational fallout. In some churches, YECism has become so disproportionately important that leaving it is treated as leaving Christianity itself.

When I stepped away from YECism, I expected disagreement. What I didn’t expect was suspicion. Hostility. Distance. People I had known for years suddenly treated me as though I had rejected God. Strangers felt free to assume I was an atheist, or that I must be hiding some secret sin, or that I simply didn’t want to submit to biblical authority.

The irony is that Scripture itself was what led me out of YECism. But in those circles, that possibility isn’t even imaginable. If you reject YECism, the assumption is that you must be rejecting the Bible.

And so people are pushed — sometimes gently, sometimes forcefully — out the door. Not because they abandoned Christ, but because their community cannot conceive of a faithful Christian who reads Genesis differently. The spiritual cost here is not intellectual; it is relational. It is the pain of losing fellowship, trust, and belonging over an issue Scripture never treats as a test of faith.

This is not the fruit of healthy theology. It is the fruit of fear.

The Real Spiritual Cost

So what is the spiritual cost of accepting an old earth?

In my experience, the cost is not inherent to the view itself. The cost comes from the way the church has taught the issue.

When Christians are told that only one interpretation is faithful…

When alternative views are dismissed as liberalism or apostasy…

When scholarship is treated as a threat rather than a gift…

When fear becomes the primary apologetic tool…

When communities push out anyone who disagrees…

We create brittle faith.

We create unnecessary crises.

We create the very apostasy we fear.

The tragedy is that none of this is necessary.

Recovering Our Theological Heritage

The church has never had a single, monolithic interpretation of Genesis 1–11. Across two millennia, Christians have read these texts in a variety of ways — literal, allegorical, analogical, literary, theological, and everything in between. The early church fathers debated these passages long before Darwin, long before geology, long before modern science existed.

We have a rich theological heritage. But in many YEC circles, that heritage has been reduced to one narrow, unyielding. And when that view is threatened, people feel as though Christianity itself is threatened.

Imagine instead a church where believers are taught the range of faithful Christian interpretations. Where Genesis is studied and discussed with humility, curiosity, and charity. Where science is not feared but engaged. Where disagreement is not treated as a sign of moral compromise but an opportunity for deeper understanding. Where leaving YECism does not mean losing your community.

In that environment, the spiritual fallout would be far smaller. People could explore, question, and learn without feeling that their salvation — or their relationships — hangs in the balance.

A Better Way Forward

If someone came to me today and said, “The Bible can’t be trusted because it says God created and we know life evolved,” I wouldn’t panic. I wouldn’t launch into a defensive lecture on the scientific evidence for a young-earth reading. I’d simply ask:

Why do you think Genesis was meant to be read scientifically when its original audience didn’t even have a scientific framework?

That question opens a door instead of slamming one shut. It invites conversation instead of fear. It treats Scripture with the respect it deserves by refusing to turn it into something more or less than it claims to be. 

YEC apologetics, at their best, should do the same. They should explain why the view is compelling, while also acknowledging that faithful Christians have disagreed for centuries. They should defend their interpretation without insisting that all others are spiritually dangerous. They should cultivate confidence in God’s Word and a hunger for truth, not fear.

Because if YECism is true, it will stand on its own merits. And if it is not, the faith still stands without it.

Conclusion: The Real Danger

The spiritual danger is not old‑earth creationism.

The spiritual danger is tying the gospel to a single interpretation of Genesis.

When we do that, we set believers up for unnecessary crises. We create brittle faith. We turn a secondary issue into a primary one. And we risk losing people not because Scripture failed them, but because we taught Scripture poorly — and treated them poorly when they dared to ask questions.

My hope — and the reason I wrote this series — is that Christians can approach Genesis with more humility, more charity, and more historical awareness. That we can recover the breadth of our theological heritage. And that we can stop creating spiritual casualties over an issue Scripture never treats as a test of faith.

If we do that, accepting an old earth will no longer feel like a spiritual threat. It will simply be one more way Christians seek to understand the world God made.

Genesis and Christian Unity: The Good, the Bad, and the Path Forward

 

Introduction

For much of my Christain life, I have been engaged in discussions and debates regarding the interpretation of Genesis 1–11 and its implications for the Christian understanding of God, His Word, and the nature of reality. Through these conversations, I have encountered a diverse range of perspectives, each offering valuable insights into the complexities of this ancient biblical narrative.

This debate is by no means new—Christians have wrestled with these questions for centuries. The discussion is far from black and white, and each interpretive approach brings its own merits and challenges. My goal here is to examine the strengths, weaknesses, and points of commonality among these perspectives, offering a nuanced overview that fosters unity in faith despite our differing opinions.

The Spectrum of Views

While Genesis 1–11 has been interpreted in various ways, the primary views generally fall into three broad categories: Young Earth Creationism (YEC), Old Earth Creationism (OEC), and Theistic Evolution (TE). Within each camp, individuals may hold variations of these positions, but the following provides a general framework for understanding their perspectives.

Young Earth Creationism (YEC)

The YEC view emphasizes God’s omnipotence and authority. Believers in this interpretation uphold the idea that God works through miracles and that nothing is beyond His power. They hold Scripture in extremely high regard, often interpreting scientific and historical evidence through a strictly literal reading of Genesis. In their view, the Bible is infallible and entirely without error in what it teaches.

However, YEC interpretations can also exhibit rigid concordism—an approach that attempts to make Scripture conform to modern scientific ideas. Some adherents are skeptical of evidence that contradicts their position while accepting unverified or misleading claims that reinforce their views. Additionally, extreme factions within YEC sometimes promote fringe theories, such as flat earth cosmology or exaggerated claims about pre-flood humanity.

Old Earth Creationism (OEC)

OEC believers also affirm God’s omnipotence and see His creation as an act of divine craftsmanship. However, they interpret Genesis 1 as describing a progressive creation that unfolded over long eons rather than six literal days. They hold Scripture in high regard, affirming its divine inspiration and authority, while also recognizing that nature itself declares the glory of God.

OEC interpretations, however, can also lean heavily into concordism—using broader definitions of biblical words to align Scripture with modern scientific discoveries, even when contextual justification for such reinterpretation is weak. This approach risks introducing external scientific assumptions into the biblical text in ways that may not reflect its intended meaning.

Theistic Evolution (TE)

The TE perspective shifts emphasis from God's miraculous interventions to His sovereignty over natural processes. Many adherents believe God created the universe with inherent laws and guided evolution either through direct intervention or divine providence. TE proponents approach Scripture from an academic standpoint, considering historical context, literary genre, and linguistic analysis essential to interpretation.

While many TEs respect Scripture, some of them define inerrancy and infallibility in more nuanced ways, which can lead to skepticism regarding certain traditional doctrinal positions. Their academic approach to biblical interpretation can also sometimes result in greater openness to reinterpreting difficult passages in ways that challenge conventional readings and can lead to more progressive views overall.

The Dangers of Division

Throughout these debates, one of the most troubling patterns has been the tendency of some leaders—particularly within the YEC movement—to claim that anyone outside their camp is compromising their faith or drifting toward heresy. This is often paired with a disproportionate number of category errors directed at OECs, where YECs frame any disagreement with their position as "evolutionary thinking," even though OECs explicitly reject evolution. In reality, OECs and YECs share far more theological common ground than many realize; the primary difference is their understanding of chronology, not their commitment to Scripture or rejection of naturalistic evolution.

That said, rigid concordism, present in various forms across YEC and OEC perspectives, presents a challenge to both groups. Scientific knowledge evolves over time, and the risk of reading scientific ideas into Scripture without strong biblical justification can result in misinterpretations that later prove erroneous. Christians should approach scientific discussions with humility, recognizing that the Bible was written as a theological and historical document rather than a scientific textbook.

Similarly, some extreme positions within the Theistic Evolution camp pose another danger—over-allegorizing Scripture to a point where biblical authority is undermined. While genre and literary analysis are critical for understanding ancient texts, excessive allegorization can lead to interpretations that strip the text of its historical and theological grounding. When foundational doctrines are continuously reinterpreted through metaphorical lenses rather than treated as objective truths, the integrity of Scripture itself may be called into question. This can result in a theological framework that becomes overly fluid, making it difficult to define core Christian beliefs with certainty. Biblical interpretation must maintain a balance between recognizing literary elements and preserving doctrinal authority to ensure that the teachings of Scripture remain anchored in truth.

Finding Common Ground

Despite the differences among these positions, there is significant theological commonality. All three perspectives affirm:

• The authority of Scripture, even if they differ on how it should be interpreted.

• God’s sovereignty and omnipotence in creation.

• The truth that God’s handiwork is evident in nature.

• A shared commitment to faith in Christ as the central tenet of Christianity.

Rather than allowing disagreements over Genesis 1–11 to create division, Christians should focus on fostering respectful and informed conversations. Engaging with differing perspectives should lead to deeper understanding, not hostility.

Conclusion: Unity Amidst Diversity

The interpretation of Genesis 1–11 remains a complex and multifaceted discussion. While believers may hold differing views on how to understand these passages, what matters most is our shared faith in Christ. The core message of Scripture—God’s love, redemption through Jesus, and the call to live faithfully—transcends disagreements on the specifics of creation. As Thomas Aquinas so eloquently put it: "With respect to the beginning of the world something pertains to the substance of faith, namely that the world began to be by creation, and all the saints agree in this. But how and in what order this was done pertains to faith only indirectly insofar as it is treated by scripture, the truth of which the saints save in the different explanations they offer." – Commentary on the Sentences, Book II, Distinction 12, Article 2,6 (1257 AD)

As we continue to explore and debate these matters, let us do so with humility, grace, and a willingness to listen. Theology is not about winning arguments but deepening our knowledge of God. May our differences lead us not to division, but to a richer appreciation of the vastness of God’s wisdom and the unity we have in Christ.